What are the two primary types of drag?

The two primary types of drag that affect an aircraft in flight are parasite drag and induced drag.

Parasite drag is the drag that occurs due to the shape and surface of the aircraft as it moves through the air. It includes form drag, which is generated by the shape of the aircraft, as well as skin friction drag, which arises from the aircraft’s surface roughness and the viscosity of the air. Essentially, parasite drag increases with airspeed and is influenced by factors such as surface area, aircraft shape, and the flow characteristics around the aircraft.

Induced drag, on the other hand, is associated with the generation of lift. When an aircraft generates lift, it creates secondary vortexes that result in drag. Induced drag is directly related to the angle of attack; it increases as the angle of attack is increased, and it decreases when the aircraft is flying at a higher speed. This type of drag is particularly significant at lower airspeeds and during takeoff and landing when the angle of attack is typically larger.

Understanding the distinction between these two types of drag is crucial for pilots and engineers as they influence performance, fuel efficiency, and overall design considerations of aircraft. By emphasizing these aspects, it becomes clear why parasite drag and induced drag