Which scenario is associated with low wing loading?

Low wing loading is a term used in aerodynamics to describe the relationship between the weight of an aircraft and the area of its wings. It is calculated by dividing the weight of the aircraft by the wing area. When an aircraft has low wing loading, it means that the weight is relatively low in relation to the size of the wing.

In the scenario where there is a large wing area with low weight, the wing loading will be low because the ratio of weight to wing area is decreased. This configuration allows for better lift generation at lower speeds and can enhance the aircraft's performance, particularly during takeoff and landing. Aircraft with low wing loading tend to have better maneuverability and increased efficiency in slower flight conditions, making them well-suited for a variety of operational scenarios such as gliding or STOL (Short Takeoff and Landing) capabilities.

In contrast, the other scenarios describe configurations that do not yield a low wing loading. For instance, small wing area with high weight or large wing area with high weight leads to a higher wing loading, as does a small wing area with low weight. These scenarios result in different aerodynamic characteristics that may not favor maneuverability or efficiency as effectively as a large wing area with low weight does.